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Genital warts is a very contagious disease that is sexually transmitted. The disease is caused by various variants of the Human papillomavirus. Usually these are the HPV 6 and the HPV 11. it is spread during oral, genital, or anal sex with someone who is infected with the virus. Approximately two-thirds of people who have anyone single sexual contact with someone who is infected with genital warts will develop warts. The disease normally develops within three months of contact.
Women will develop the warts on the outside and inside of the vagina, on the entrance to the uterus, and sometimes around the anus. Although Genital warts are equally prevalent in men as in women, the symptoms of the disease are generally much less obvious.
When a male is infected with the disease the wards are normally seen on the tip of the penis. They also may be found on the shaft of the penis, on the scrotum, and around the anus. It is very rare for genital warts to develop in the mouth or throat of a person who has been involved in oral sex with an infected partner. With that said though it is still out there! Genital warts will usually exist in clusters and can be very tiny. They can also spread into large masses in the genital or anal area.
A doctor or any health care worker can usually diagnose the disease by seeing their existance on a patient. This information is accurate to all knowledge but if you are looking for official help with Genital Warts it is recommended that you seek help from a Professional Doctor.
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Breast augmentation surgery / breast enhancement surgery / breast mammoplasty / breast enlargement surgery -whatever name you use - it is a surgical procedure to enlarge small breasts or breasts that have lost their fullness. It may be undertaken to enhance the body shape if breasts are considered too small; to correct a reduction in breast size after pregnancy; to correct a difference in breast size; or breast reconstruction after breast surgery.
Breast augmentation has been available in the United States for over 40 years. However the surgical techniques and implants themselves are constantly being refined, increasing the safety and reliability of the procedure. At this time over two million women have breast implants.
A breast implant is a silicone shell filled with either silicone gell or saline (salt water). There is however some restrictions on the silicone filled variety.
Silicone shells filled with saline solution are implanted either directly under the breast tissue or beneath the chest wall muscle, thus giving breasts a fuller and more natural contour. Incisions are made where they can least be seen - usually the armpit, around the areola (nipple area), or under the breast itself.
There are 2 surgical techniques of placing the implants. The first is where the implant is placed under the breast tissue and over the chest muscle (subglandular placement).
The second method is where the implant is placed under the chest muscle and breast tissue. (submuscular or subpectoral placement).
The procedure is usually done under general anesthesia.
The surgery takes 1 to 1.5 hour and a bandage is then applied over the new breasts to help with healing for two days postoperatively. You would then attend a follow up appointment where you are given instructions regarding care and activity. After a post-surgical recovery period of 24 to 48 hours and an additional reduced-activity period of a few days, patients will likely experience soreness and swelling for a few weeks. Exercise and normal activity can resume at the direction of the surgeon.
Breast augmentation recovery is not a simple process. In most cases, the breasts that you see immediately after breast implant surgery are not indicative of the final results.
It is not until after six to eight weeks of breast implant recovery that the breasts finally take a shape of their own. Recovery continues until each person feels comfortable with their new breasts.
There are several different stages of the breast implant recovery process. Initially discomfort is to be expected. This discomfort can range from mild to severe, and can last anywhere from a few days to several weeks or more. The stitches that the surgeon uses to close the pocket around the implant will either dissolve on their own within a week of recovery or they will need to be removed by the surgeon seven to 10 days after surgery.
Compression bandages or a compression bra are used immediately after surgery to prevent blood and fluid accumulation, speed healing and keep the implants in place during the early stages of recovery. If bandages are applied, they are usually removed within a day or two and replaced with a compression bra. This bra is usually worn for the first two weeks or more of recovery.
During recovery from breast implant surgery, it is common for some women to experience minor drainage, swelling, bruising and tenderness. To control swelling, it is often helpful to use cold packs and sleep with the torso elevated. Pain medication is often prescribed to reduce pain, and limiting activity during recovery will help reduce the risk of bruising. For most women, the full recovery from breast implant surgery usually takes a few months. Everyday activities can usually be resumed with two weeks. However, as with all surgeries, recovery time is different for each patient.
Complications. Like any surgery some complications can occur. The most common problem - capsular contracture - occurs if the scar or capsule around the implant begins to tighten. This squeezing of the soft implant can cause the breast to feel hard - this can be treated - either by removal or 'scoring' of the scar tissue, or perhaps removal and replacement of the implant. Excessive bleeding after the operation may cause some swelling and pain - occasionally women develop an infection around the implant - some reports of nipples becoming oversensitive, undersensitive, or even numb. Occasionally breast implants may break or leak.
Male breast implants. There are no significant physiological differences between male and female breast tissue other than the initial volume. The surgical procedure for male breast augmentation is identical. Through inserting an implant behind each breast, surgeons are able to enlarge a man's bustline by a cup size. Because men usually have less skin in that area it is recommended that they start with the smaller implant so that the body can get used to the new shape and stretch over the area.
Male breast implants, also known as pectoral implants, serve a separate purpose from transgender implants. Usually, male breast implants are designed to help sculpt the chest area and provide definition. Patients who opt for male breast implants often have experienced difficulty gaining their desired muscle definition through exercise alone.
Other candidates use male breast implants to mask problems caused by injury or growth defects affecting the pectoral muscles. Like liposuction, male breast implants can provide results that are otherwise impossible for certain individuals.
Unlike female breast implants, the male breast implants are made of solid silicone, which is inserted under the muscle tissue. During a male breast implant surgery, the surgeon will make small underarm incisions, creates pockets under the muscle tissue, and inserts male breast implants under the pectoral muscles. The surgery takes between one and two hours, and surgery for male breast implants is carried out on an outpatient basis, allowing the patient to return home the day that male breast implants are received. Recovery can take as long as six weeks, but most patients getting male breast implants are able to resume all activities within a month. Secondary surgery is rarely needed, and male breast implants are designed to last a lifetime.
Breast augmentation prices vary - but seem to range from $4,000 - $10,000. Finance is available for breast augmentation. There are 100% patient finance programs available - affordable, low-interest payment programs. And yes - you can: choose your own surgeon; pay affordable monthly low-interest payments; and make payments over a period of 12 - 60 months!
Breast augmentation alternatives - are there any? There are some herbal supplements for breast enlargement around that offer outstanding benefits and results - without the scars and depleted bank accounts. In addition, herbal side effects, if any, generally demonstrate a beneficial nature as opposed to those suffered from surgery.
Most breast enlargement herbs work on the glandular tissue in the breast. Fat tissue in the breasts will vary and is primarily dependent upon the fluctuations in the weight of the woman's body. Women report that they can lose weight, but their breasts do not shrink when they take breast enlargement herbs.
So - worth checking out before undergoing surgery??
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So, you've just put up a profile on some online dating or social networking site. Or maybe you've been online for awhile now, and you think you know the ropes pretty good, right?
I'm going to enlighten you on what both sexes have to worry about online and what both sexes have to go thru so you know the truth for once! For one of the online dating guide books I'm writing for guys, I have, for the last 2 ˝ years, been on about 35 different dating websites meeting and getting to know women and discovering the true art of online dating or online meeting people.
What I have learned about men and women is equivalent to a Ph.D. from Harvard on human behavior, sexuality, and psychology.
The biggest things ALL guys have to worry about are women using fake pictures that aren't them and lying about their age online - usually they're older than they say. (Note: The 3 things women lie about the most offline is their real age, weight, and dress size.)
The biggest thing women have to worry about guys online is they're married or have a girlfriend, outdated pictures, and of course their own personal safety. (Note: The 3 things guys lie about the most offline is how much they really make, how big their penis is, and how long they can last in bed.) If a guy says he makes $40K, a FedEx driver, says he has an average size thingy, and can last about 15 minutes, he's probably telling you the truth ladies!
1/2 of all single Americans are now or have been online dating. Why you ask?
Because the bar, nightclub and dating scene just gets old eventually. Maybe it takes you until you're 25, 30, 35, maybe 40 years old, but it will eventually get old believe me. It's not so much in going out and partying that gets old, but more looking and hoping to meet some hot and great person that you want to date, hook up with, or marry down the road.
Having to hear the same drunk meatheads hit on you or grab you. Or for guys look around and see the same unappealing women out and about The intelligent single person of the 21st century also knows it's a numbers game. (I don't mean sleeping around or trying to get a lot of action either for all you players and playettes.
Ladies, you have all heard you have to kiss a lot of toads to find your prince, right? Well, online you can kiss hundreds maybe even a thousand times more toads in a tenth of the time you ever could offline.
I personally know within minutes of reading most profiles, if any woman has a chance or not with me to go to the next levels. I will explain in greater detail in a few moments. From just talking on the phone or IMing with a woman for an hour or so, I can tell if there is some good chemistry or any kind of anything in the future.
I have just honed in on my "Spidey Senses" so much now, and I don't want to waste even a minute of my time or another person's if I don't think anything will ever come of it. This is not rude or mean at all. It's the right and honest thing to do I believe.
You're not leading on someone, wasting their time, or setting them up to really get their feelings hurt. Too much of that crap happening already without you contributing to it with all the heartless, selfish, ungiving, and cheating people in the world today and online.
What are the 7 stages of online dating and what happens in each stage?
Stage 1
In this stage someone winks at you, shows interests in you by posting a comment on your profile, or invites you to their network of friends. Whatever dating site you're on, they all have similar type features.
What does this stage mean? Not a whole lot. The person obviously didn't think enough of you or at least not yet to actually take the time and email you. So in our ADD/lazy ass society we just click a button or two to let you know we checked out your profile (Usually that's a lie. They saw your pictures and then on a purely physically based decision they contacted you because of that).
Then, we hope the other person sees that we commented or invited them to our network and they make the next move back or take it to the next stage - to email you. Basically the person is trolling the whole ocean looking for a few bites and thinking even a broken watch is right twice a day!
Sound familiar?
Stage 2
In this stage, someone actually thought enough of your pictures and/or profile to take the time to email you their opinions, curiosity, or interest in you using your dating sites email account. This is the safe, secure way because you're not letting that person into your life at all, and they can only contact you thru that dating site; not your personal email account that you only share with friends, family, business associates, or people you trust at least a little.
What does this stage mean? Well, the person took the time out of their day to email you something which is a good thing sometimes and shows their level of interest is now past stage 1. The email could be something crude, lude, sexual, sweet, nice, funny, romantic, flattering, etc. so the jury's out on whether what they send you is a good or bad thing.
But unlike a posted comment or invite many people will at least reply back to someone's email that took the time to email them, so if you want to get to know someone I would do this stage for sure.
Stage 3
In this stage, mutual cooperation is usually needed because you exchange (or one of you gives the other) you're personal email address. Unless of course the person has their personal email address, which most sites block from showing if you try but some people put their personal email addresses on their site so you can contact directly that way.
What does this stage mean? Well, you just let them into your little world a tad bit. Now you can exchange pictures with each other as well as use emoticons and different font styles to get your email message to them more convincingly. That person also, with very little effort, can track down where your internet connection is coming from meaning city/state.
It's a good thing to find out to see if someone's lying about where they live or bad if you don't want to give out the city/state of where you live for safety reasons if you're like a porn star, model, or someone in the media and would be prone to get whacko's and stalker types.
Keep a look out for Part 2, with further explanations of stages 4-7 about online dating.
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"My girlfriend dumped me because she says I 'wasn't there' when we made love. She's not the first to say this. I know something's wrong. Can hypnotherapy help me?"
Your sexual dysfunction means you engage in sex more as an observer than as a participant.
You hold yourself back from entering a trance state; you have difficulty "letting go."
There are several ways in which a qualified hypnotherapist can help you to conquer this problem. Before using hypnosis it is essential that you receive competent medical advice.
Hypnotherapy will have a particular focus depending on whether the problem is organic or psychological.
Organic sexual problems require medical intervention. Hypnotherapy may be used as an adjunct, for instance, in helping you to heal faster after an operation.
More frequently, sexual difficulties treated by a hypnotherapist concern psychological issues.
Since the process deals with your mind all sexual activity during hypnotherapy takes place only in your imagination.
What you learn through hypnotherapy is practiced privately elsewhere.
Hypnotherapy may be used to heighten your sensual involvement and to help you to be fully present while engaging in sex.
A common, effective use of hypnotherapy is to lower your anxiety.
The anticipation of failure (particularly for men anxious about their ability to have or to maintain an erection) brings on anxious feelings.
These in turn bring about the failure. Hypnotherapy ends this vicious circle and replaces the anticipation of failure with the certainty of success and confidence.
Traditional sex therapy methods are more readily accepted by you when in hypnosis because the conscious, judgmental, analytical part of your mind is temporarily set aside.
Your subconscious then absorbs the new, positive messages you've asked the hypnotherapist to create.
Precisely because hypnosis taps into the autonomic nervous system, a person can use it to improve or alter functions that normally happen without conscious control, e.g., a man's erection.
Charles, a 27-years-old former sailor and currently an electrician, consulted a hypnotherapist because he was too fearful to have sex with his wife.
They'd been married three years and had had sexual difficulties since the birth of their daughter eight months previously. Charles was afraid he'd been embarrassed once again if he tried to make love.
"Kim laughed at me the first time and now she just gives me a look of disgust." Why? Because he couldn't maintain an erection.
Charles felt humiliated and frustrated; he worried that he'd never again have satisfactory sex with his wife. His dream of fathering a son seemed unattainable.
He told the hypnotherapist that he had no problem masturbating when alone. This was a likely indicator that Charles' problem was psychological, not organic.
As was Charles' report that he always had a firm erection when having sex with the occasional housewife in whose home he was doing electrical work.
To be on the safe side, the hypnotherapist advised Charles to be examined by a medical specialist to be absolutely sure there was no organic cause for his ED.
The doctor confirmed that Charles' trouble was "100 per cent psychogenic," meaning that for some emotional or psychological reason, he could not maintain an erection.
Of course, the more Charles tried, and the more he worried, the more flaccid was his penis.
The hypnotherapist explained to Charles that hypnosis could be used to uncover the cause of his trouble, or to tackle the symptom, or both.
Charles, being the impatient type, and of course eager to end his humiliating experiences, opted for the "quick fix."
Over the course of three sessions of hypnotherapy, Charles relived successful love-making episodes from his younger years as a Navy "stud."
Then the therapist used a melding technique to encourage Charles to see himself (in his imagination, while hypnotized) from now on once again enjoying a full, firm erection well beyond the time needed to satisfy his partner.
Positive suggestions were also made by the hypnotherapist to Charles about his prowess, his confidence and his desirability to his wife.
For three months Charles and Kim had a wonderful sex life. Then he lost an erection just as foreplay had become hot and heavy.
Kim, hurt and disappointed, reacted with sarcasm. All Charles' fears and anxieties rushed back. He returned to the hypnotherapist.
This time Charles agreed to investigate the cause of his impotence.
The hypnotherapist used various approaches -- age regression, age progression (in which the "future" Charles was to explain how he'd conquered the problem) analogue symbolic imagery -- but nothing worked.
In a subsequent session, with Charles relaxed in hypnosis, the therapist told Charles he'd have a dream. His subconscious would provide this dream as a way, either directly or symbolically, to explain the origin of his impotence.
Three nights later Charles dreamed he was outside a factory. It was night time and the factory loomed dark and mysterious.
Charles felt a strong urge to scale the steel fence that surrounded the factory. Then he tried to find away in. All the doors were shut and padlocked. A security guard ("very scary, because he had my face," said Charles) told him to go away.
But Charles persisted in his eagerness to enter the factory. He ran from the guard, to the back of the building. Here was the loading dock. Charles saw a bulldozer there. He jumped into its cab and began to operate the controls.
The guard reappeared, feebly told Charles to get off the property, to go to his own place. In the distance, Charles could see a stately castle which he somehow knew belonged to him.
But his only interest was in the dark factory. The guard shrugged. Charles started up the bulldozer and charged the heavy machine toward the small back door of the factory.
As the bulldozer began to rumble forward, Charles awoke -- with a massive erection.
The dream puzzled Charles. But it enlightened the therapist. To him it revealed that Charles was in the grip of the Madonna/Whore complex.
This is the attitude that divides women into "good" and "bad." Thus, a man's wife and especially mother, are "good." Prostitutes, other men's wives and and women of ethnic groups other than the man's own, are "bad."
"Bad" women are exciting; "good" women are boring. Sex is forbidden with "good" women but possible with the "bad."
A man with this complex may have sex with his wife occasionally, or until she becomes a mother, or while a post-hypnotic suggestion lasts. But his heart is not in it. Neither is his penis.
However, with a "bad" woman he has no commitment, no respect. She is there to be used.
His conscience (the security guard) barely bothers him about penetrating the stranger (the dark factory) but, perversely, does prevent him enjoying "his" woman (the castle).
When Charles heard this explanation, he nodded in agreement. This was indeed his view. And that of his father, uncle and most of his friends. He had no serious interest in changing this outlook, especially since Kim had announced she was pregnant. The hypnotherapist's suggestion that Charles and Kim seek marriage counselling fell on deaf ears.
A lawyer we shall call Mathilde did seek help from a psychotherapist. She had told the referring doctor that she rarely had an orgasm. The truth was that Mathilde never had an orgasm -- with her husband.
She'd been faking it for years. But she had climaxed with previous boyfriends. Also during a two-night stand a few months ago.
Mathilde had been a speaker at a lawyers' convention a thousand miles from home. There she met Roger, a brooding electrical engineer who had been trouble-shooting the hotel's elevators.
"He was not particularly good-looking but he had these soft grey eyes," Mathilde confided to the therapist. She smiled. "He was brutal in bed."
Mathilde was mildly surprised to find herself telling the male therapist details she had not felt comfortable confiding to her female doctor.
There was no question of her wanting to leave the marriage. She loved her husband, had a marvellous life. All that was missing ws the joy of orgasm. It was something she yearned for.
Until she met Roger the lack of orgasms with her husband had not bothered her much. Mathilde had become used to pretending -- and to satisfying herself in secret.
The therapist faced two dilemmas:
i) perhaps, despite Mathilde's conscious denials, there was some problem between her and her husband
ii) the therapist usually worked with couples, not individuals, on such sexual challenges.
He decided that, given the husband was not present and would be unlikely to come to future sessions, he would work with Mathilde, and he would use hypnotherapy. If the outcome was successful, there would be no need to explore possible conflicts between husband and wife.
First the therapist explained a little about hypnosis and how it could help Mathilde. Her first session was devoted to her simply relaxing into hypnosis, and becoming familiar with how safe and peaceful it felt.
In Mathilde's second and third sessions of hypnosis the therapist suggested Mathilde silently relive an earlier experience of orgasm.
In her mind she was to take particular note of the physical and emotional feelings which allowed her to climax.
When the orgasm in her imagination was over she would open her eyes, though remain in hypnosis.
Then the therapist pointed out, and Mathilde confirmed, that she had been internally very relaxed just prior to making love. And that during foreplay and intercourse, she became "lost" in the pleasure.
The therapist asked Mathilde to again close her eyes and this time to imagine herself in bed with her husband. Again she could relive the details silently, no need to tell the therapist anything, except when the imagined lovemaking was over.
When Mathilde compared the earlier experience with how she felt when making love with her husband she immediately noticed her tension.
"I am not relaxed and I don't get lost in the act." Sometimes she thought about cases she was working on and at other times she focused on making sure her husband was satisfied.
In the next part of the session the therapist first gave Mathilde suggestions that she could allow herself to relax with her husband, that she could allow herself to climax with him.
The therapist again waited silently while Mathilde played the scene through in her mind.
When she signalled (with a broad smile) that the scene had reached a successful end, the therapist closed the session with positive suggestions about Mathilde allowing herself to be relaxed, focused on pleasure and allowed to climax when making love with her husband.
And so it was.
* * *
Hypnotherapy has also been used successfully to overcome other sexual problems such as overlubrication, exhibitionism, and to uncover the reason a client became a transvestite.
Before seeking help with a sexual difficulty it is important to be sure it really is a problem. For example, a man may go to a therapist because he believes he suffers from premature ejaculation. But if the man is married to a woman who dislikes sex, indeed "wants it over with as soon as possible," that's exactly what is happening, so where's the problem?
Twenty-five years old Eugene's problem was real enough: he could not become erect. A handsome, single, bus driver, Eugene had had several medical examinations; all the doctors had concluded there was no medical cause for his impotence.
At first, hypnotherapy did not help Eugene. He became more and more despondent about his failure, scared to date and unable to sleep at night.
The hypnotherapist had used approaches one or more of which usually resolve psychogenic impotence:
> positive suggestions
> aversive therapy
> satisfying imagery
> arm rigidity
But nothing worked.
The hypnotherapist finally decided to enlist the guidance of Eugene's subsconscious through finger signalling and direct relay of images in response to questions.
(With finger signalling -- also known as an ideodynamic technique -- a hypnotized person allows the subconscious to answer questions with predesignated fingers that represent "Yes," "No," "Don't Know," and "Not yet ready to answer").
This approach proved fruitful, although at first puzzling.
Hypnotherapist: "I'm going to ask your subconscious some questions. There's no need for you to think about the questions or the answers. Simply allow your subconscious to respond through the fingers it has selected.
You will probably feel a tingling begin in the finger that the subsconscious selects. Then it will lift as though of its own accord.
Now, I'd like to ask your subconscious if there is a purpose served by Eugene's impotence?"
[This question is often answered "yes" and subsequently leads to an explanation such as a desire to punish self or partner for some reason].
[Fimger responses are indicated with ( )].
Eugene: (No).
H: "Does the cause of the problem lie in Eugene's past?"
E: (Yes).
[This response steered the hypnotherapist along the wrong path. He took no account of the literalness with which the subconscious absorbs information. Consequently, the hypnotherapist understood the "Yes" response to mean that there was a specific event, a trauma or a message, that began Eugene's impotence. As was later revealed, the "cause in the past" referred, not to a particular event, but to an ongoing process.]
H: "Did the cause happen before Eugene was 20?"
E: (Yes).
H: "Did the cause happen before Eugene was 15?"
E: (Yes).
H: "Before 10?"
E: (No).
[Now the hypnotherapist, who erroneously assumes some single event happened, switches from finger responses to image responses].
H: "Okay. I'm going to ask the subconscious to present to your mind an image that is somehow connected to the problem we're dealing with."
E: "I'm in a shop. I don't know how old I am but a man picks me up. I'm very scared. He holds me to him. Someone else comes in and tells the man to put me down."
[The hypnotherapist thinks that it is possible something happened in the shop to subsequently cause Eugene to become impotent. However, further questioning reveals that Eugene sees little more than he has already reported. There appears to be no abuse, no negative messages (such as "You'll never be a man.")
The session is drawing to a close so the therapist reverts to ideomatic questioning. He decided to check the medical verdicts].
H: "Does the problem have any medical basis to it?"
E: [Long pause]. (No).
H: "Is there something physical that would help?"
E: (No).
H: "Is there something missing in Eugene's diet, or something he should not be eating or drinking?"
E: (Don't know/don't want to answer yet).
[Eugene snaps out of hypnosis, much to his own surprise. In previous sessions for other problems Eugene had enjoyed hypnosis so much he had been reluctant to emerge. He puts himself back into hypnosis].
H: "Okay. Our time is nearly up. I want to thank your subconscious for its help. I'm now asking it to provide you with a dream that will give you a strong indication on how to solve the problem that brought you here."
[Eugene once again snaps out of hypnosis].
H: "Wow. We're clearly close to something significant, otherwise you wouldn't come out so suddenly."
E: "I don't understand why. But while you were talking about me having a dream something floated into my mind: smoking."
H: [Incredulous]. "You smoke!"
E: "Yes, a lot."
H: "There you are. That's what your subconscious was telling us: the cause of your impotence is smoking! Have you stopped before?"
E: "Yes. For a while."
H: "And did you have erections okay then?"
E: [Thinks back]. "Yes, I did. I did."
[And the shop? Why did the subconscious throw that memory into Eugene's mind? Perhaps because the shop sold cigarettes.]
Copyright (c) 2005 Bryan M. Knight
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Cancer can attack any part of the body; lungs, stomach, reproductory organs and many other parts. A common form of cancer in men is testicular cancer. This is a cancer that occurs in the male sex glands in the scrotum. Testicles produce and store sperms while producing male hormones.
Testicular cancer is also known as germ cell tumor and is of two kinds - seminoma or nonseminoma. About 40% of testicular cancer are seminoma type and the other are divided into four sub-types; choriocarcinoma, teratoma, embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumors. The cancer can sometimes also be a combination of both cancers, and are called mixed germ-cell tumors.
Testicular cancer is prevalent in men aged between 15 and 35 and is more common in white men than Asians and blacks. The exact causes are still unknown, but there are various risk factors that can induce testicular cancer. Underdevelopment of testicles, Klinefelter’s syndrome where the man experiences sterility, small testes, breast enlargement and lesser male hormones and those who have had testicular cancer are all prone developing cancer on the other testicle in the 25 years after the attack.
There is nothing that can be done to prevent testicular cancer; the most that could be done is its early detection. Testicular self-exam is a great means of diagnosing testicular cancer; it is always better to test testicles immediately after bathing as this is when the scrotal sac is relaxed. The testicles have to be rolled between the forefinger and thumb for any signs of lumps.
Besides a lump, swelling in the testicles or some changes in the feel of the testicle are symptoms for testicular cancer. Accumulation of fluid in the scrotum or pain in the scrotum is also considered as symptoms of testicular cancer. Though these symptoms may signify other conditions, it is always better to have a physician evaluate the condition. Testicular cancer can also be diagnosed through ultrasound of the scrotum or a biopsy. Once testicular cancer is detected, treatment is rendered according to the extent of the condition.
Depending on whether testicular cancer is seminoma or nonseminoma, and its stage, is its treatment determined. All treatments involve the removal of the affected testicle. However, as this can affect fertility and sexuality, this has to be discussed with the family. With the removal of a testicle, the other testicle is capable of producing sperms and an erection so that it is possible to father a child.
However, any other surgery, radiation and chemotherapy also affect sperm production and ejaculation. So the treatment should be discussed before adapting it. In nonseminomas, the lymph nodes are also removed to find out the extent of tumor spread. However, this is not necessary in seminomas as CT scans provide sufficient information.
Radiation is preferable for seminomas, and not for nonseminomas as they are not sensitive to radiation. When giving radiation, the remaining testicle is usually shielded to prevent radiation reaching it as this may hamper its ability in producing sperms. Though sperm count may reduce after radiation, it returns to normal in a few years of treatment.
Chemotherapy is administered after surgery through injections or orally to kill any tumor cells there may be in the body. Whatever the treatment adapted, it is necessary to have follow up testing because there is always the chance of a recurrence of a second tumor. There are different follow up testing routines to be adapted; it all depends on the case.
